One of the most persistent and disturbing elements of the cattle mutilation phenomenon is the frequent association with unmarked helicopter activity. Beginning in 1974, ranchers in the American West began reporting sightings of black or dark-colored helicopters without visible identification markings flying low over their properties, often in the days or hours before mutilated cattle were discovered. The reports were concentrated in Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas, and New Mexico. Near Honey Creek and other locations, ranchers described helicopters hovering near their herds at night, sometimes with searchlights visible. In several cases, ranchers attempted to follow the helicopters in vehicles but were unable to keep pace. The helicopter connection was investigated by multiple law enforcement agencies. Senator Floyd Haskell of Colorado wrote to the FBI in 1975 requesting an investigation. The FBI and ATF both examined the helicopter reports but could not identify the aircraft or their operators. The military denied involvement. Some researchers have speculated that the helicopters were conducting covert biological sampling of livestock to monitor for diseases like bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or the effects of nuclear testing on the food chain, but no documentary evidence has confirmed this theory.
